Sinclair Research · Gen
Hardware
The original ZX Spectrum model launched as a 16 KB machine with a rubber-key keyboard and Z80-based architecture. It established the Spectrum line and was designed as a low-cost home computer for the UK and European market.
The 48 KB version launched alongside the 16 KB Spectrum and became the better-known standard model. It offered the same hardware base with expanded RAM for more ambitious software and games.
A North American Sinclair-licensed derivative of the Spectrum family marketed by Timex. It was not a Sinclair Research-branded Spectrum, but it is a historically important Spectrum-compatible model sometimes included in Spectrum platform databases.
The ZX Spectrum+ was a cosmetically revised 48 KB Spectrum with a new molded case, full-travel keyboard, and reset button. Internally it remained broadly compatible with the original Spectrum 48K.
The ZX Spectrum 128 was the first official 128 KB Spectrum and debuted in Spain before wider rollout. It added a sound chip, more memory, and enhanced BASIC features while retaining compatibility with earlier Spectrum software.
The ZX Spectrum +2 was Amstrad's first Spectrum-branded machine after acquiring Sinclair's computer business. It integrated a cassette recorder into the case and used the familiar 128K Spectrum architecture.
The ZX Spectrum +3 added a built-in 3-inch floppy disk drive and replaced the tape-focused design of earlier Amstrad models. It was the final official Spectrum model and included a substantial ROM and operating-system overhaul.
The ZX Spectrum +2A was a revised Amstrad Spectrum model built around a new motherboard design. It remained software-compatible with earlier Spectrum 128K titles and kept the built-in cassette recorder.